Seguidores

jueves, 30 de abril de 2015

CHAPTER 6 LEARNER-CENTERED

THE RESPONSABILITY FOR LEARNING
 
 
Learner-centered teaching encourages students to reflect on what they are learning and how they are learning it. Learner-centered teachers ask students what they are learning in a class they may talk about their own learning. They challenge student assumptions about learning and encourage them to accept responsibility for decisions they make about learning; like how they study for exams, when they do assigned reading, whether they revise their writing or check their answers. However, the autonomy does not develop overnight, language teachers should be patient to take care of this process, since it is a crucial issue on which teachers have to deal with. Nowadays, students may take charge of their own learning process. Likewise, learner autonomy is so important because students can take active role in their own learning. For that reason, developing autonomous learning is essential since education should aim at helping the individuals how to think, act and learn independently in their lives.
The main aspect is to create a nice environment into the class where students can feel comfortable to acquire knowledge.  Also, as teacher, we have to encourage students to be interdependent and to work collectively. The less students depends on the teacher, the more autonomy is being developed. That is why; we have to stablish a good rapport in order to increase their motivation. There are a number of tools that teachers and learners can use to facilitate autonomous learning. Logbooks are beneficial because they provide an overview of the learning process, the organization of group work and reflection immediately.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
References:
 
 
 
Weimer, M. (2002). Learner-centered teaching: Five key changes to practice. John Wiley & Sons.

 McGill University (2011),Active Learning Classrooms: Sharing responsibility for learning. From: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ilYEk-j-jp0

Corno, L. (1992). Encouraging students to take responsibility for learning and performance. The Elementary School Journal, 69-83. Retrieved from:
http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/1002046?uid=2&uid=4&sid=21106209828371    


 
 
 
 

 

 
 

miércoles, 29 de abril de 2015

CHAPTER 8 LEARNER-CENTERED RESPONDING TO RESISTANCE



RESPONDING TO RESISTANCE






First of all, the resistance of students and colleagues can be  hard to deal with when it is unexpected. The more typical students’ response to learner-centered approaches involves resistance based on some reasons. Sometimes learner-centered approach can involve more work for them, when they are conducted to develop different tasks, which are a little difficult to do. However, it is proof that learner-centered approach engages students and gets them working on learning tasks, it is a process that helps them to understand the content and even with the teacher guidance and feedback, they can acquire knowledge. Likewise, students resist learner-centered approach because they are afraid, since the teacher tells them what to do, then instructors set new the policies, assignments and expectation. When learners know the rules, obviously they have to follow, so they fell frustration specially who are not self-confident. This method can take students to new levels of responsibility. It includes such techniques as substituting active learning experiences for lectures, requiring critical or creative thinking involving students in simulations and role plays using in the cooperative learning. Properly implemented SCI can lead to increased motivation to learn, greater retention of knowledge, deeper understanding, and more positive attitudes towards the subject being taught.
Furthermore, student-centered instruction is an instructional method in which students influence the content, activities, materials, and pace of learning. This learning model places the student in the center of the learning process. The instructor provides students with opportunities to learn independently and from one another and the most important to train them in the skills they need to do effectively.







 
 

References:
 
 
Weimer, M. (2002). Learner-centered teaching: Five key changes to practice. John Wiley & Sons.

 

Pear Tree Education Inc.Student-Centered Learning -Role of Teacher and Student_ Part 1B.mp4. Available from:


Student-Centered Learning (2011)-- Role of Teacher and Student_ Part 1B.mp4, form:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wR4ocKovy28

 


UNIT 8 SPEAKING

SPEAKING




This unit 8 talks about speaking that involves using speech to communicate to other people. There are some concepts that we have to keep in mind at the moment to use the language. That is why we have to use correct intonation, register, word-sentence stress and hesitation. Also, speaking involves different subskills like for example the use of grammar, vocabulary and functions to output different text types fluently. Even, we have to use interactive strategies by using body language, gestures, intonation, facial expressions, etc. This skill emphasizes making the use of all these features to convey a message in order to avoid misunderstanding. Fluency, accuracy, and appropriacy play a major part in the oral communication.
The goal of teaching speaking skills is communicative efficiency showing confidence. Learners should try to avoid confusion in the message due to faulty pronunciation, grammar, or vocabulary, and to observe the social and cultural rules that apply in each communication situation. Some students often think that the ability to speak a language is the product of language learning, but speaking is also a crucial part of the language learning process.
The purpose of teaching speaking skill is to accomplish a task, such as conveying a telephone message, obtaining information, or expressing an opinion in real communication. So, teachers have to help students to develop communicative efficiency in speaking.










References:



A video from British Council (2010) - John Kay talking about Teaching Speaking Techniques

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LF7zsz8fi64


Hughes, R. (2013). Teaching and researching: speaking. Routledge, from:

http://books.google.com.ec/books?hl=es&lr=&id=Z6KsAgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=related:rDVUHXgtsiIJ:scholar.google.com/&ots=ENn8E2XwbT&sig=uDtllgD1vqoSyTK5NIaBntQw_i4&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false